POSITIVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT IN SLOVENIA: TEST OF A MODEL

"The PYD framework is based on Relational Developmental System Theory, which focuses on the importance of the interplay between individual characteristics and contexts (e.g., school, family, community, society) (Lerner, 2007). In the study, we will put this model through an empirical test using structural equation modelling. We will test a path leading from developmental assets (internal and external assets) to the 5Cs and further on to the positive (contribution) and negative (bullying, anxiety) outcomes. The basic assumptions are that the amount of developmental assets present is related to the PYD outcomes, the 5Cs, and these to the lower level of risky and problem behavior and to greater contribution. We will test three alternative models with variations in the 5Cs part: 5Cs model, one-factor model, two-factor model. The rationale for testing 5Cs as one factor originates in the studies (e.g., Holsen et al., 2017) showing that the associations between the 5Cs and negative outcomes appear to depend on how the 5Cs are treated in data analysis, i.e., as separate Cs or as one PYD factor. Similarly, proofs of a two-factor model can be found in the literature (Årdal et al., 2018). We will use Slovenian youth sample (N = 1982; 57.4% female; Mage = 15.35, SD = 1.21) participating in PYD-SI-MODEL study and a selection of self-report measures: Developmental Assets Profile (Scales, 2011), PYD questionnaire (Geldof et al., 2013), LAOM Anxiety Scale (Kozina, 2012); Adolescent Peer Relationship Index Bully-Target (Parada, 2000), and Thriving and Contribution Indicators (Benson, 2003). The findings show better fit of the 5C model. The study is the first of this kind to test the model on Slovenian data therefore together with scientific added value, the study has direct implications also for practice and for the promotion of positive youth development in Slovenia."