PSO DV-Hop based Relocalization Methods for Dead Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Localization of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is one of the major challenges. It helps in evaluating the position of an unsettled object. In wireless sensor network, energy utilization is the important matter in localization of nodes. In WSNs, sensor nodes are situated in the network for one time. But in real life, it was found that few nodes may stop working and become dead. This may be happened due to battery failure or any technical fault. In this case, extra nodes are situated in the network to overcome the communication hole. The purpose of this research is to minimize the computational time by considering only extra nodes for relocalization. For this purpose, we have proposed two methods using particle swarm optimization (PSO) based distance vector hop (DV-Hop) relocalization for estimating the position of unknown nodes. Through simulation results, we conclude that our PSO DV-Hop effectively minimizes the computation time and localization error.