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: The text aims to analyze the character of the anarchist way to celebrate the first of May in Brazil in the early years of the twentieth century through the anarchist newspaper A Voz do Trabalhador, edited in Rio de Janeiro by the Brazilian Workers Confederation, between the years 1908-1915. The study aims to discuss and understand the meaning ascribed to that anarchists date during the First Republic. The editors of The A Voz do Trabalhador struggled in the pages of the journal, to restore the working class and national awareness about the “real meaning” of the date, in opposition to other forms of marking the First of May, as the version of socialist groups who understood that the date should be commemorated with celebrations, a day of tribute to the worker.