Analysis and design of a photoplethysmograph for glucose measurement using near-infrared spectroscopy analyzing human body physical and functional variables

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that increases blood glucose levels. Glucose measurement devices, called glucometers, normally use invasive techniques. These devices are used by the patients themselves. They are small size and require a lancing device to extract a drop of blood and pinpoint the glucose concentration present, This technique is uncomfortable and painful for the patient when continuous blood glucose monitoring is required throughout the day. To improve glucose measurement conditions, non-invasive blood glucose meters have been proposed using near-infrared spectroscopy. The problem that occurs when using the near-infrared spectroscopy method is the physical and functional characteristics of the human body, which interact with the light emitted making it difficult to measure glucose levels, These characteristics are, for example, the fat, pressure, humidity, temperature, among others.