Ocean surface wind vector measurements from high-altitude aircraft using GPS delay-doppler maps

Reflectometry of opportunity signals such as Global Positioning Satellites System, known as GNSS-R, has been developed in the last years as a technique with a great potential for ocean scatterometry, among other applications. Different approaches have been proposed to use GNSS-R for remote sensing of the ocean surface roughness. One of them is based on deriving some descriptor/metric from the measured delay-Doppler map (DDM) and directly relating it to a geophysical property of the scattering surface. For instance, different descriptors have been proposed in the literature to measure the DDM spreading caused by increase in ocean surface mean square slopes due to surface winds.