糖尿病患者拔牙术后创面愈合的评价

B. Gupta
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引用次数: 5

摘要

糖尿病是一种常见的代谢紊乱,其特征是由于胰岛素缺乏或抵抗而无法调节血糖。1型糖尿病或胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的特征是胰岛素分泌不足,而2型糖尿病或非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病是相对胰岛素缺乏和组织胰岛素抵抗的结果。传统的牙科医学认为,糖尿病患者在拔牙、牙周手术和佩戴不合适的假牙方面的愈合问题会增加。他们也被认为更容易感染。虽然这可能适用于控制不良的1型糖尿病患者,但对于口服降糖药的2型糖尿病患者,这一观点只有不可靠的支持。在牙槽牙外科手术中,糖尿病患者可能会出现与其他外科手术不同的并发症,如最常见的是伤口愈合延迟。然而,口腔环境具有咀嚼力、高骨周转率、高血管、唾液和持续的微生物库,从身体的其他部位活跃,因此从其他手术部位进行概括是有限的。提取的困难是不可预测的。在手术前有一个完整的病史可以让外科医生更好地处理可能出现的并发症。一定要始终遵循适当的手术技术,并知道你的局限性之前,开始任何拔牙。如果出现困难,总是建议向患者解释情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessment of post operative wound healing in diabetic patients after extraction
Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder characterised by an inability to regulate blood glucose due to insulin deficiency or resistance. Type 1 diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes is characterised by deficient insulin production whereas type II or non-insulin dependent diabetes results from relative insulin deficiency and tissue insulin resistance. Traditionally in dentistry, diabetics are considered to have increased healing problems related to dental extractions, periodontal surgery and wearing ill-fitting dentures. They are also considered more likely to have infections. Although this may be so for poorly controlled Type 1 diabetics, there is only unreliable support for this view for Type 2 diabetics on oral hypoglycemics. In dentoalveolar surgery, diabetic patients could be expected to suffer various complications to those observed in other surgical procedures such as the most commonly seen is delayed wound healing. However, the oral environment with the forces of mastication, high bone turnover, high vascularity, saliva and the constant reservoir of microorganisms is active from other parts of the body, thereby making generalisations from other surgical sites limited. Difficulties with extractions are unpredictable. Having a thorough medical history prior to surgery will allow the surgeon to better deal with complications that may arise. Be certain to always follow proper surgical techniques, and know your limitations prior to beginning any extractions. If and when difficulties develop, it is always recommended to explain the situation to the patient.
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