{"title":"Bushveld复合体铂族金属矿污泥中烃类污染的表征","authors":"Elelwanir M. S Mavhungu, W. Nheta, D. Rose","doi":"10.11159/mmme22.116","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"- Mechanized mining methods adopted in platinum-group elements (PGE) industry leads to mobile machinery leakages which result in mine sludge contamination by hydrocarbons. This paper aims at investigating the mineralogical characteristics of the contaminated mine sludge in comparison to the pristine ore. Two types of samples were used in the study were pristine PGE ore and contaminated PGE mine sludge. The samples were analysed using FTIR, XRF, XRD, SEM-EDS, Fire assaying, ICP-OES and Malvern PSD analyser for elemental composition, mineral composition, particle size distribution and the presence of hydrocarbon functional groups. FTIR results indicated the presence of a single C-H bonds in the contaminated mine sludge, which is the hydrocarbons functional group and pristine PGE ore was found to be free from an indication of such contaminants. The fire assaying results revealed that the mine sludge contained a total of 9.32g/t 4E (5.68 ppm Pt, 2.95ppm Pd, 0.6ppm Rh and 0.09ppm Au) and the pristine ore 4.74g/t 4E (2.64ppm Pt, 1.63ppm Pd, 0.42ppm Rh and 0.05ppm Au). SEM-EDS further confirmed that the sludge is indeed richer in PGE than pristine PGE ore. Mineral phases identified by XRD included millerite, chalcocite, aluminium oxide, chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, anorthite, enstatite and magnesium chromite and they were common to both samples. Particle size analysis revealed that the hydrocarbon contaminated mine sludge and the pristine ore had a P80 of 169 and 252µm respectively. Both samples had approximately 4% of fines (<10 µm). Remedial of hydrocarbon contaminants would lead to high grade PGE recovery.","PeriodicalId":385356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Characterization of Hydrocarbons Contaminated Platinum Group Metals Mine Sludge from the Bushveld Complex\",\"authors\":\"Elelwanir M. S Mavhungu, W. Nheta, D. Rose\",\"doi\":\"10.11159/mmme22.116\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"- Mechanized mining methods adopted in platinum-group elements (PGE) industry leads to mobile machinery leakages which result in mine sludge contamination by hydrocarbons. This paper aims at investigating the mineralogical characteristics of the contaminated mine sludge in comparison to the pristine ore. Two types of samples were used in the study were pristine PGE ore and contaminated PGE mine sludge. The samples were analysed using FTIR, XRF, XRD, SEM-EDS, Fire assaying, ICP-OES and Malvern PSD analyser for elemental composition, mineral composition, particle size distribution and the presence of hydrocarbon functional groups. FTIR results indicated the presence of a single C-H bonds in the contaminated mine sludge, which is the hydrocarbons functional group and pristine PGE ore was found to be free from an indication of such contaminants. The fire assaying results revealed that the mine sludge contained a total of 9.32g/t 4E (5.68 ppm Pt, 2.95ppm Pd, 0.6ppm Rh and 0.09ppm Au) and the pristine ore 4.74g/t 4E (2.64ppm Pt, 1.63ppm Pd, 0.42ppm Rh and 0.05ppm Au). SEM-EDS further confirmed that the sludge is indeed richer in PGE than pristine PGE ore. Mineral phases identified by XRD included millerite, chalcocite, aluminium oxide, chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, anorthite, enstatite and magnesium chromite and they were common to both samples. Particle size analysis revealed that the hydrocarbon contaminated mine sludge and the pristine ore had a P80 of 169 and 252µm respectively. Both samples had approximately 4% of fines (<10 µm). 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引用次数: 0
摘要
-铂族元素(PGE)行业采用的机械化开采方法导致移动机械泄漏,导致矿山污泥被碳氢化合物污染。本文旨在研究污染矿山污泥与原始矿石的矿物学特征。研究中使用了两种类型的样品:原始PGE矿石和污染的PGE矿山污泥。采用FTIR、XRF、XRD、SEM-EDS、Fire分析、ICP-OES和Malvern PSD分析仪对样品进行了元素组成、矿物组成、粒度分布和烃官能团存在情况的分析。FTIR结果表明,在受污染的矿山污泥中存在单个C-H键,这是碳氢化合物的官能团,并且发现原始PGE矿石没有这种污染物的迹象。测定结果表明,该矿污泥中共含9.32g/t 4E (5.68 ppm Pt、2.95ppm Pd、0.6ppm Rh和0.09ppm Au),原始矿石中含4.74g/t 4E (2.64ppm Pt、1.63ppm Pd、0.42ppm Rh和0.05ppm Au)。SEM-EDS进一步证实了污泥中PGE的含量确实比原始的PGE矿石更丰富。通过XRD鉴定的矿物相包括千粒矿、辉铜矿、氧化铝、黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿、钙长石、辉辉石和镁铬铁矿,它们在两个样品中都是常见的。粒度分析表明,烃污染污泥的P80为169µm,原始矿石的P80为252µm。两种样品都有大约4%的细粒(<10µm)。对烃类污染物进行治理,可实现高品位PGE的回收。
Characterization of Hydrocarbons Contaminated Platinum Group Metals Mine Sludge from the Bushveld Complex
- Mechanized mining methods adopted in platinum-group elements (PGE) industry leads to mobile machinery leakages which result in mine sludge contamination by hydrocarbons. This paper aims at investigating the mineralogical characteristics of the contaminated mine sludge in comparison to the pristine ore. Two types of samples were used in the study were pristine PGE ore and contaminated PGE mine sludge. The samples were analysed using FTIR, XRF, XRD, SEM-EDS, Fire assaying, ICP-OES and Malvern PSD analyser for elemental composition, mineral composition, particle size distribution and the presence of hydrocarbon functional groups. FTIR results indicated the presence of a single C-H bonds in the contaminated mine sludge, which is the hydrocarbons functional group and pristine PGE ore was found to be free from an indication of such contaminants. The fire assaying results revealed that the mine sludge contained a total of 9.32g/t 4E (5.68 ppm Pt, 2.95ppm Pd, 0.6ppm Rh and 0.09ppm Au) and the pristine ore 4.74g/t 4E (2.64ppm Pt, 1.63ppm Pd, 0.42ppm Rh and 0.05ppm Au). SEM-EDS further confirmed that the sludge is indeed richer in PGE than pristine PGE ore. Mineral phases identified by XRD included millerite, chalcocite, aluminium oxide, chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, anorthite, enstatite and magnesium chromite and they were common to both samples. Particle size analysis revealed that the hydrocarbon contaminated mine sludge and the pristine ore had a P80 of 169 and 252µm respectively. Both samples had approximately 4% of fines (<10 µm). Remedial of hydrocarbon contaminants would lead to high grade PGE recovery.