尼日利亚阿南布拉州水稻生产者经济效率水平的决定因素

CHIEKEZIE, N. R, Obiekwe, N. J, Ugwumba, C.O.A, O. M. U
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摘要

本研究考察了尼日利亚阿南布拉州水稻生产的决定因素和经济效率水平。具体目标是:估计该地区稻农获得的经济效率水平;确定农民经济效率水平的决定因素,并评估研究区域内水稻生产规模收益的性质。检验的两个假设是:所选农业区农民的经济效率水平之间没有显著差异,稻农的社会经济特征对其经济效率水平没有显著影响。本研究采用原始资料,采用多阶段、有目的、随机抽样的方法,共选取378名调查对象。采用普通最小二乘(OLS)回归、Cobb Douglas随机前沿生产函数和Scheffe多重比较检验等描述性和推理性统计工具对整理后的数据进行分析。结果表明,研究区稻农经济效率得分最低为0.86,最高为0.99,平均为0.95。Scheffe的多重比较检验表明,配对农业区农民的经济效率得分和每公顷利润之间存在显著差异。Cobb - Douglas随机前沿生产回归的极大似然估计表明,土地、劳动力和其他投入的生产要素对农民的经济效率水平有显著的正向影响。无效率效应受教育程度和获得的学分数量的显著负向影响;农作经验显著正向影响农作绩效,推广访问和农场规模不显著。阿南布拉、阿瓜塔和奥卡农业区以及该州(汇总数据)的规模数据回归率分别为1.32、1.25、1.15和1.12。这意味着整个农业区和研究区域的规模回报增加。建议政府应确保向负责向农民提供低息贷款的机构分配足够的预算拨款,而这些机构应保持及时支付资金。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
DETERMINANTS OF LEVEL OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF RICE PRODUCERS IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
This study examined determinants and level of economic efficiency of rice production in Anambra State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: estimate the level of economic efficiency attained by rice farmers in the area; ascertain the determinants of level of economic efficiency attained by the farmers and assess the nature of returns to scale of rice production in the study area. Two hypotheses tested were: there is no significant difference between the levels of economic efficiency attained by farmers in the selected agricultural zones and socio-economic characteristics of the rice farmers do not significantly influence their economic efficiency level.  Primary data were used for the study and Multistage, purposive and random sampling methods were used select 378 respondents. The collated data were analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, Cobb Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production function and Scheffe’s Multiple Comparison test. Findings indicated a minimum economic efficiency score of 0.86, maximum of 0.99 and mean of 0.95 for rice farmers in the study area. Scheffe’s Multiple Comparison test indicated significant difference between means of economic efficiency scores and per hectare profits of farmers from paired agricultural zones. Maximun Likelihood Estimation of the Cobb Douglas stochastic frontier production regression showed that the production factors of land, labour and other inputs significantly and positively influenced economic efficiency level of the farmers. Inefficiency effect was significantly and negatively affected by educational level and amount of credit obtained; significantly and positively affected by farming experience while extension visit and farm size were not significant. Returns to scale figures were 1.32, 1.25, 1.15 and 1.12 for Anambra, Aguata and Awka Agricultural zones, and the State (pooled data) respectively. This implies increasing returns to scale across the Agricultural zones and the study area. It is recommended that Government should ensure adequate budgetary allocations to the institutions responsible for making cheap loans available to farmers while the institutions should maintain timely disbursement of the funds.  
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