室内空气污染微真菌对人群健康的影响

O. Surmasheva, O. Chernysh, V. Zadorozhna, M. Antomonov, K.M. Rakhmatullina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:了解住宅和公共建筑空气中真菌污染对人体健康的影响。研究材料和方法:采用常规方法对室内空气进行微生物学和真菌学分析。编制了一份问卷,并对被调查住房的居民进行了调查。利用STATISTICA 8软件和Microsoft Excel软件对所得结果、所得数据的可靠性、计算进行统计处理。结果:通过对不同建设时期房屋居住场所的实地调查和对居民的问卷调查,确立了空气环境微生物污染的特征。研究表明,在二十多年前建成的房屋中,由微小真菌孢子造成的空气污染几乎是后来建成的房屋空气污染的两倍。同时,也揭示了居住空间的养护状态,即居民自身的经济行为所起的作用。在问卷调查的基础上,建立了基于生物损害的住区居民健康状况与小气候客观指标之间关系的信息特征。所得数据的信度p<0.001。事实证明,在持续高湿度、漏水和淹水的情况下,即使定期通风和使用防腐剂,室内霉菌感染也会非常严重。结论:1。已经确定,空气污染的生活区霉菌真菌取决于生活区的维护状态。2. 霉菌的数量受到漏水和淹水的影响,霉菌在房间表面的可见生长。3.在编制具有信息特征的调查问卷的基础上,揭示了居民健康状况与居住场所小气候指标的直接相关关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of indoor air polluti on by microscopic fungi on population health
Objective: to determine the impact of mycomycete contamination of air in residential and public buildings on human health. Materials and methods of research: Microbiological and mycological analysis of indoor air was studied by conventional methods. A questionnaire was developed and a survey of residents of the surveyed housing was conducted. Statistical processing of the obtained results, reliability of the obtained data, calculations were performed with using the STATISTICA 8 program and Microsoft Excel program. Results: As a result of field studies of houses’ residential premises of different construction periods and a questionnaire survey of residents, the features of microbiological contamination of the air environment were established. It is shown that in houses commissioned more than twenty years before, air pollution by spores of microscopic fungi was almost twice as high as in the buildings’ air of later development. At the same time, the role of maintenance’s state of the living space, that is, the economic behavior of the residents themselves, was also revealed. Based on the questionnaire, informational characteristics of the relationship between the health status of residential premises residents and objective indicators of the microclimate on the basis of biodamages were developed. The reliability of the obtained data is p<0.001. It has been proven that in the presence of constantly high humidity, leaks and flooding, infection with mold fungi indoors can be overwhelming even with regular ventilation and the use of antiseptics. Conclusions: 1. It has been established that air contamination of living quarters with mold fungi depends on the state of maintenance of the living quarters. 2. The number of mold fungi is affected by the presence of leaks and flooding, the visible growth of mold fungi on the surfaces of the room. 3. A direct correlation of the relationship between the health status of residents and indicators of the microclimate of residential premises was revealed on the basis of the developed questionnaires with informational characteristics.
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