Sandeep Shrestha, Ashish Bashyal, Rojeena Rijal, J. Shrestha, Palistha Shrestha, Nischal Shrestha, Thomas J McGreevy, B. Buffum, S. Khanal
{"title":"尼泊尔中部山区极度濒危中华穿山甲五趾甲(哺乳纲:穿山甲科:穿山甲科)生态评价","authors":"Sandeep Shrestha, Ashish Bashyal, Rojeena Rijal, J. Shrestha, Palistha Shrestha, Nischal Shrestha, Thomas J McGreevy, B. Buffum, S. Khanal","doi":"10.4236/OJE.2021.114024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a “Critically Endangered” insectivorous mammal. There is a lack of information on the ecology, distribution and behavior of this species in Nepal, even though community forests in the Midhills Region of Nepal are considered to be prime habitats for the species. We conducted an ecological assessment of the habitat use of this species in nine community forests covering an area of 170.69 ha in Balthali village in Kavrepalanchok district, Nepal. We divided each forest into 50 × 50 m grids and searched for Chinese Pangolin burrows along 50 m transects in each grid. We categorized burrows into two types, new and old burrows, and recorded 10 environmental variables for each burrow. We found a total of 542 burrows, including 323 old burrows and 219 new burrows. The average width and height of a burrow opening was 21.66 ± 3.94 cm (n = 542) and 22.42 ± 5.02 cm (n = 542). The total density of burrows in the study area was 3.1 ha−1, with new burrows density of 1.2 ha−1 and old burrows density of 1.8 ha−1. We found most burrows in sites with an elevation range of 1400 - 1500 m above sea level, gentle slopes, brown colored soil, high density of tree crown cover and undergrowth vegetation, southern exposure, within 150 m from a water source and less than 200 m from a human settlement. Our study has generated baseline data on the habitat use of Chinese Pangolin, which we hope will help in designing site-specific action plans for Chinese Pangolin conservation in Kavrepalanchok district, Nepal.","PeriodicalId":265480,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An Ecological Assessment of Critically Endangered Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae) in the Midhills Region of Nepal\",\"authors\":\"Sandeep Shrestha, Ashish Bashyal, Rojeena Rijal, J. Shrestha, Palistha Shrestha, Nischal Shrestha, Thomas J McGreevy, B. Buffum, S. Khanal\",\"doi\":\"10.4236/OJE.2021.114024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a “Critically Endangered” insectivorous mammal. There is a lack of information on the ecology, distribution and behavior of this species in Nepal, even though community forests in the Midhills Region of Nepal are considered to be prime habitats for the species. We conducted an ecological assessment of the habitat use of this species in nine community forests covering an area of 170.69 ha in Balthali village in Kavrepalanchok district, Nepal. We divided each forest into 50 × 50 m grids and searched for Chinese Pangolin burrows along 50 m transects in each grid. We categorized burrows into two types, new and old burrows, and recorded 10 environmental variables for each burrow. We found a total of 542 burrows, including 323 old burrows and 219 new burrows. The average width and height of a burrow opening was 21.66 ± 3.94 cm (n = 542) and 22.42 ± 5.02 cm (n = 542). The total density of burrows in the study area was 3.1 ha−1, with new burrows density of 1.2 ha−1 and old burrows density of 1.8 ha−1. We found most burrows in sites with an elevation range of 1400 - 1500 m above sea level, gentle slopes, brown colored soil, high density of tree crown cover and undergrowth vegetation, southern exposure, within 150 m from a water source and less than 200 m from a human settlement. 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引用次数: 3
摘要
穿山甲(Manis pentadactyla)是一种“极度濒危”食虫哺乳动物。尽管尼泊尔中山地区的社区森林被认为是该物种的主要栖息地,但关于该物种在尼泊尔的生态、分布和行为的信息仍然缺乏。对尼泊尔kavrepalanchk地区Balthali村9个群落森林170.69 ha的生境利用情况进行了生态评价。我们将每个森林划分为50 × 50 m的网格,并在每个网格中沿50 m的横断面搜索穿山甲洞穴。我们将洞穴分为新洞穴和旧洞穴两种类型,并记录了每个洞穴的10个环境变量。我们总共发现了542个洞穴,其中包括323个旧洞穴和219个新洞穴。洞口的平均宽度和高度分别为21.66±3.94 cm (n = 542)和22.42±5.02 cm (n = 542)。研究区洞穴总密度为3.1 ha−1,其中新洞密度为1.2 ha−1,旧洞密度为1.8 ha−1。我们发现大多数洞穴位于海拔1400 - 1500米的地点,坡度平缓,棕色土壤,树冠覆盖和灌木植被密度高,向南暴露,距离水源150米以内,距离人类住区不到200米。本研究获得了中国穿山甲栖息地利用的基线数据,希望为尼泊尔kavrepalanchank地区制定中国穿山甲保护的具体行动计划提供帮助。
An Ecological Assessment of Critically Endangered Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae) in the Midhills Region of Nepal
The Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a “Critically Endangered” insectivorous mammal. There is a lack of information on the ecology, distribution and behavior of this species in Nepal, even though community forests in the Midhills Region of Nepal are considered to be prime habitats for the species. We conducted an ecological assessment of the habitat use of this species in nine community forests covering an area of 170.69 ha in Balthali village in Kavrepalanchok district, Nepal. We divided each forest into 50 × 50 m grids and searched for Chinese Pangolin burrows along 50 m transects in each grid. We categorized burrows into two types, new and old burrows, and recorded 10 environmental variables for each burrow. We found a total of 542 burrows, including 323 old burrows and 219 new burrows. The average width and height of a burrow opening was 21.66 ± 3.94 cm (n = 542) and 22.42 ± 5.02 cm (n = 542). The total density of burrows in the study area was 3.1 ha−1, with new burrows density of 1.2 ha−1 and old burrows density of 1.8 ha−1. We found most burrows in sites with an elevation range of 1400 - 1500 m above sea level, gentle slopes, brown colored soil, high density of tree crown cover and undergrowth vegetation, southern exposure, within 150 m from a water source and less than 200 m from a human settlement. Our study has generated baseline data on the habitat use of Chinese Pangolin, which we hope will help in designing site-specific action plans for Chinese Pangolin conservation in Kavrepalanchok district, Nepal.