耶稣是神的道

Grant R. Kynaston
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引用次数: 0

摘要

基督教新约和古兰经ān都模糊地将耶稣的形象与“道”等同起来。虽然这个词的圣经用法被基督神学很好地处理,而且确实是基督神学的核心,但现代对伊斯兰模式的处理往往是简化的,通过基督教的理解进行折射。这篇文章试图提供一个更全面的关于耶稣在伊斯兰教中的头衔的描述,通过一个比较的框架来强调这个术语使用中的细微差别。它考虑了这个头衔在基督教和伊斯兰教中的内涵,以及它们是如何分别概念化和发展的。本文的结论是,在这两种传统中,这个词将耶稣与上帝的启示和他的创造能力联系起来;然而,各宗教不同的神学公理区分了这个词的真正含义。基督教认为这些神性的元素直接体现在耶稣身上,通过主位,而伊斯兰神学认为这个头衔是一个隐含的称谓,把神的这些属性仅仅描述地和偶然地应用到先知耶稣身上。这种差异表明了基督教和伊斯兰教所采用的截然不同的神学方法——尽管应用于理论上相似的问题,却得到了不同的结果——以及独立考虑他们的知识传统的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Jesus as God's Word
Both the Christian New Testament and the Qur’ān obscurely identify the figure of Jesus with the ‘Word’. While the term’s Biblical use is well-treated by, and indeed central to, Christological theology, modern treatments of the Islamic model are often reductive, refracted through Christian understandings. This article seeks to provide a more holistic account of Jesus’ title in Islam, highlighting the nuances in the term’s usage through a comparative framework. It considers the title’s connotations in Christianity and Islam, and how each conceptualised and developed them separately. This article concludes that, in both traditions, the term links Jesus to God’s revelation, and to His creative capacity; however, the religions’ distinct theological axioms differentiate the term’s true signification. Christianity considers these elements of divinity directly incarnated in Jesus, through hypostasis, whereas Islamic theology regards the title as a connotative appellation, applying these attributes of God to the Prophet Jesus only descriptively and contingently. This disparity demonstrates the distinct theological approaches taken in Christianity and Islam – obtaining different results, although applied to a notionally similar problem – as well as the importance of considering their intellectual traditions independently.
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