Simulation and modelling of Math Function Based controller implemented with fuzzy and artificial neural network for a smooth transition between battery and ultracapacitor

Electric vehicles (EVs)/Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are implemented with Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) to obtain the effective results. HESS has been framed by combining battery with ultracapacitor (UC). Here the battery is used to supply the average power whereas UC can meet the transient power requirement of an electric vehicle. UC always assists the battery during peak power requirements and starting of the motor can also be done. The problem associated with HESS powered vehicle is switching between battery and UC depending upon vehicle road conditions. The main aim of this work is to design a controller for proper switching of energy sources in HESS. With four individual math function, one controller has been designed based on the speed of the electric motor, named as Math Function Based (MFB) controller, further, this has been integrated with ANN as well as Fuzzy logic made two new hybrid controllers. After that two-hybrid controllers have been implemented for the electric motor, thereafter comparative analysis has been made between them and suggested one good controller based on different comparative factors. The two-hybrid controllers have been implemented in four modes and results are discussed in the simulation results and discussion section.