多多数统治

Sean Ingham
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引用次数: 9

摘要

公民可以控制他们的领导人,这意味着什么?在一个民主国家,公民应该对他们如何被治理有一定的控制权。如果他们不直接参与制定政策,他们应该对代表他们制定政策的政府官员保持控制。多多数统治发展了一种关于民众控制的新理论:它解释了什么是民众控制,为什么民主对民众控制的承诺与我们对实际民主的了解是相容的,以及为什么它很重要。虽然社会选择理论认为,在至少存在最小意见多样性的社会中,不存在所谓的“大众意志”,但英厄姆认为,多个重叠的多数群体仍然可以同时拥有控制权。在解决了这一概念难题之后,作者解释了为什么尽管选民的信息水平较低以及其他缺点,但民众控制对民主来说是一个现实的、令人信服的理想。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rule by Multiple Majorities
What does it mean to say that citizens have control over their leaders? In a democracy, citizens should have some control over how they are governed. If they do not participate directly in making policy, they ought to maintain control over the public officials who design policy on their behalf. Rule by Multiple Majorities develops a novel theory of popular control: an account of what it is, why democracy's promise of popular control is compatible with what we know about actual democracies, and why it matters. While social choice theory suggests there is no such thing as a 'popular will' in societies with at least minimal diversity of opinion, Ingham argues that multiple, overlapping majorities can nonetheless have control, at the same time. After resolving this conceptual puzzle, the author explains why popular control is a realistic and compelling ideal for democracies, notwithstanding voters' low levels of information and other shortcomings.
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