《真理与爱的话语》(舍甫琴科的《真理与基督教本质》)

V. Yaremenko
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摘要

本文主要探讨舍甫琴科作品中真实的动机及其独特的表现形式。在“后真相”一词出现和信息战正在进行的时代背景下,这一问题的话题性是由其深入探索的需要来解释的。通过大量引用舍甫琴科的作品和圣经文本,研究者指出舍甫琴科作品中的“真理”作为一个具有基督教意义的基本概念所具有的特征。特别是,“真理”这个词经常被诗人用在诸如“光”、“爱”、“荣耀”、“力量”、“意志”等词汇上,这些词汇在圣经中与上帝有着强烈的联系。根据研究人员的说法,舍甫琴科的文本包含明显和直接的迹象,证明诗人将真理理解为基督本人或福音解释中揭示的他的教义。对舍甫琴科的作品或其中一些片段的解读提供了一些思路。为了表明舍甫琴科对真理范畴的明确的基督教理解,作者反复引用基督教神学家的思想。舍甫琴科的“真理”被比作个人和社会自由意义上的“意志”概念,但更多的是指一个人的基督教自由选择和相关的人类努力和行动。舍甫琴科作品中强大的牺牲动机证明了他注意到了基督教的本质特征,这反映在对真理的定义上。这篇论文具有比较的性质,因为它给出了舍甫琴科的前辈使用真理这个词/概念的例子。诗人对真实作为一种美德的态度也被考虑在内。根据舍甫琴科的日记和信件,以及对这位诗人的回忆,研究者试图探索这种美德在多大程度上是他固有的。舍甫琴科的历史哲学也被考虑在内。结论解释了为什么舍甫琴科用基督教的内容填充了真理的概念。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“And the Word of Truth and Love” (Shevchenko’s Truth and its Christian Essence)
The paper focuses on the motive of truth and its unique representation in the works by Taras Shevchenko. The topicality of the issue is explained by the needs of its deeper exploration in the context of present time when the term “post-truth” appeared and informational war is going on. Using abundant references to Shevchenko’s and biblical texts, the researcher indicates the features that characterize “truth” in Shevchenko’s works as a basic concept with Christian meaning. In particular, the word “truth” is often used by the poet with such lexemes as “light”, “love”, “glory”, “power”, “will” that involve a strong association with God in the Bible. According to the researcher, Shevchenko’s texts contain obvious and direct indications proving that the poet understood truth as Christ Himself or His teaching revealed in Gospel explanations.The analysis provides considerations which may help to interpret Shevchenko’s works or some fragments in them. In order to show the unequivocal Christian understanding of the category of truth by Shevchenko the author repeatedly refers to the thoughts of Christian theologians. Shevchenko’s “truth” is likened to the concept “will” in the sense of personal and social freedom, but even more it means the Christian freedom of choice for a man and related human efforts and actions. A powerful motive of sacrifice in Shevchenko’s works testifies that he noticed the essential feature of the Christian religion which was reflected in the definition of truth. The paper has a comparative nature as it gives the examples of using the word/concept of truth by Shevchenko’s predecessors. The poet’s attitude towards truthfulness as a virtue is also considered. Based on the diary entries and correspondence of Shevchenko, as well as the memories about the poet, the researcher tries to explore how much this virtue was inherent to him. Shevchenko’s historiosophy is also taken into consideration. The conclusions explain why Shevchenko filled the concept of truth with the Christian content exactly.
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