大国总是赢得关税战争吗?重新评价

J. Kilolo
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在他们的开创性论文中,凯南和里兹曼()表明,与自由贸易相比,一个“足够大”的国家在关税战中会过得更好。这一预测是在市场力量源于要素禀赋差异的背景下得出的,这多少有些令人费解,因为向关贸总协定/世贸组织通报的大多数自由贸易协定是由大经济体而不是小经济体发起的。为了解决这个难题,我使用了凯南和里兹曼()模型的一个修正版本来表明,关税战争的结果不仅取决于国家的禀赋规模,还取决于消费需求。特别是,如果大国的生存消费水平足够高于小国,自由贸易对两个不对称国家有利。此外,对称国家之间的自由贸易可能会损害消费生存水平较低的国家。本文提出的理论框架支持这样一种观点,即即使是小国也享有一定的市场力量,从而有助于理解为什么大型经济体寻求与较小的商业伙伴进行自然资源的自由贸易。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Do Big Countries Always Win a Tariff War? A Reappraisal
In their seminal paper, Kennan and Riezman () show that a “sufficiently” big country is better off under a tariff war compared to free trade. This prediction derived in a setting where market power stems from differences in factor endowments, is somehow puzzling, as the majority of free trade agreements notified to the GATT/WTO are initiated by large rather than small economies. To resolve this puzzle, I use a modified version of the Kennan and Riezman () model to show that the outcomes of a tariff war depend not only on countries’ endowment sizes, but also on consumption requirements. In particular, free trade benefits two asymmetric countries if the subsistence level of consumption in the large country is sufficiently higher than in the small country. In addition, free trade between symmetric countries may harm the country with a lower subsistence level of consumption. The theoretical framework presented in this paper supports the idea that even small countries enjoy some market power and thus helps understand why large economies seek free trade in natural resources with smaller commercial partners.
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