向日葵启发的太阳能跟踪策略:最大化光伏板能量的无传感器方法

Rexel U. Sabran, Arnel C. Fajardo
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引用次数: 1

摘要

太阳能跟踪系统通常使用太阳指向传感器来准确地确定太阳的位置,并保持光伏板垂直于太阳辐射的直接光束,以最大限度地产生能量。然而,太阳指向传感器在没有太阳和强烈反射光的情况下是无效的;并且由于安装不当和天气条件变化的影响,容易出现跟踪错误。这反过来又导致跟踪性能差,从而对光伏板的能量产生不利影响。为了解决这一弱点,一种受向日葵启发的太阳跟踪策略被开发出来,该策略模仿了向日葵的向日性行为。该方案利用光伏板产生的光电流与实时时钟模块一起工作,以推断太阳在白天穿越天空时的明显位置。从跟踪误差和获得的能量两方面评价了单轴无传感器样机的性能。实验结果表明,该策略在不同天气条件下的平均跟踪误差为0.727°,同时保持估计的平均功率损耗为0.287%。这使光伏板接收的可用太阳能最大化了99.7%。因此,受向日葵启发的太阳能跟踪策略能够最大限度地产生能量。结果,与最佳倾斜固定面板相比,估计能量增益为20.5%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sunflower Inspired Solar Tracking Strategy: A Sensorless Approach for Maximizing Photovoltaic Panel Energy Generation
Solar tracking systems typically uses sun pointing sensors to accurately determine the sun’s position and maintain the PV panel perpendicular to the direct beam of the solar radiation to maximize energy generation. However, sun pointing sensors are ineffectual without the presence of the sun and in the strong occurrence of reflected light; and are susceptible to tracking errors due to improper installation and effects of varying weather conditions. This in turn leads to poor tracking performance which adversely affects the energy generation of PV panels. To address this weakness, a sunflower inspired solar tracking strategy that mimics the heliotropic behavior of sunflowers was developed. The scheme utilizes the light-generated current from the PV panel working in conjunction with the Real Time Clock module to infer the apparent location of the sun as it traverses the sky during daytime. The performance of the single axis sensorless prototype was assessed in terms of tracking error and energy gained. The result of the experiment conducted shows that the proposed strategy achieved an average tracking error of 0.727° under different weather conditions, while sustaining an estimated average percent power loss of 0.287%. This maximizes the available solar energy received by the PV panel by 99.7%. Thus, the sunflower inspired solar tracking strategy is able to maximize energy generation. As a result, an estimated energy gain of 20.5% over an optimally tilted fixed panel was achieved.
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