在善与恶之外,尼采是基督教苦行僧的无神论版本

Alina Elena Turcescu
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摘要

尼采是最有争议和争议的哲学家之一,尤其是因为他与希特勒和纳粹主义的联系,也因为他令人不安的哲学决定,否认任何以善恶为中心的道德作为绝对价值的可能性。至于他与希特勒的关系,资料证明尼采的哲学与为民族社会主义独裁辩护或支持无关。此外,任何对他的作品有鉴赏力的人都可以很容易地看出,希特勒完全不符合尼采概念化和认同的超人的描述。至于道德,它似乎支持善恶价值观的相对化,直到它们解体,但仔细观察可以看到尼采认可的大师的道德是一种紧缩,平衡,尊重,荣誉,尊严,喜欢孤独而不是人群的娱乐。所有这些都是基督教提出的价值观。孤独和不可理解,大师尼采过着类似于基督教苦行僧的生活方式。正如哲学家声称,大师们的生活不应该通过普通道德评价的筛子,谁能以“好”或“坏”来评判简朴者的生活方式呢?
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Beyond good and evil, Nietzsche is the atheist version of the Christian ascetic
Nietzsche is one of the most controversial and disputed philosophers, especially because of his association with Hitler and Nazism, but also through his upsetting philosophical decisions that deny the possibility of any morality centered on good and evil as absolute values in themselves. As for his association with Hitler, the sources prove that Nietzsche’s philosophy has nothing to do with the justification or support of the nationalist-socialist dictatorship. In addition, any connoisseur of his work can easily see that Hitler does not fit at all with the description of the overman that Nietzsche conceptualizes and identifies with. As for morality, it seems to support a relativization of the values of good and evil until their dissolution, but a closer look can see that the morality of the masters accredited by Nietzsche is one of austerity, balance, respect, honor, dignity, of preferring loneliness to the amusement of the crowd. All these are values that even Christianity proposes. Lonely and incomprehensible, the master, Nietzsche lives a lifestyle similar to Christian ascetics. And just as the philosopher claims that the life of the masters should not be passed through the sieve of ordinary moral evaluations, who could judge in terms of “good” or “bad” the way the austere ones lived?
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