Sound events and emotions: Investigating the relation of rhythmic characteristics and arousal

A variety of recent researches in Audio Emotion Recognition (AER) outlines high performance and retrieval accuracy results. However, in most works music is considered as the original sound content that conveys the identified emotions. One of the music characteristics that is found to represent a fundamental means for conveying emotions are the rhythm-related acoustic cues. Although music is an important aspect of everyday life, there are numerous non-linguistic and nonmusical sounds surrounding humans, generally defined as sound events (SEs). Despite this enormous impact of SEs to humans, a scarcity of investigations regarding AER from SEs is observed. There are only a few recent investigations concerned with SEs and AER, presenting a semantic connection between the former and the listener's triggered emotion. In this work we analytically investigate the connection of rhythm-related characteristics of a wide range of common SEs with the arousal of the listener using sound events with semantic content. To this aim, several feature evaluation and classification tasks are conducted using different ranking and classification algorithms. High accuracy results are obtained, demonstrating a significant relation of SEs rhythmic characteristics to the elicited arousal.