Long-Term JPEG Data Protection and Recovery for NAND Flash-Based Solid-State Storage

NAND flash memory is widely used in solid-state storage including SD cards and eMMC chips, in which JPEG pictures are one of the most valuable data. In this work, we study NAND flash memory-aware, long-term JPEG data protection and recovery. Our goal is to increase the robustness of JPEG files stored in flash-based storage and rescue JPEG files that are corrupted due to long-term retention. JPEG files with our proposed protection techniques are compatible with existing JPEG viewers. We conduct real-system experiments by storing JPEG files on 16 nm, 3-bit-per-cell flash chips and let the JPEG files undergo a retention process equivalent to ten years at 25 degrees Celsius. Experimental results show that the proposed techniques can rescue corrupted JPEG files to achieve a PSNR improvement of up to 23.5 dB.