Impact of offshore wind and conventional generation outages on the dynamic performance of AC-DC transmission systems

The impact of offshore wind power and conventional generation outages on the dynamic performance of multi terminal DC interfaced AC systems is ascertained in this paper. In addition, the paper addresses the share of primary frequency reserves as well as synthetic inertia response between MTDC connected AC systems focusing on the interactions between the direct voltage control loop and the dedicated primary and synthetic inertia response control loops. The classical single machine modeling approach is used for the AC systems extended by common dynamic models of MTDC grids in a so called simple AC-DC model adequate for frequency stability studies. The results of this paper can be used as reference for grid code design and optimization of MTDC grid control loops operating next to AC power systems.