IMMUNOLOGICAL AND SOME BIOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS INVESTIGATION IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Immunological and some Biological biomarkers have evolved to aid in the diagnosis and assessment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathophysiological processes, with the ultimate objective of enhancing disease management. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential biochemical and immunological indicators for SLE diagnosis and assessment of the pathophysiological process. The samples of this study were divided into two groups: thirty-five SLE patients (10 male and 25 female) with ages ranging from 25 to 34, and thirtyfive healthy controls with ages ranging from 25 to 36, and the biomarkers of this current study were included the Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) (IU/ml), Anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (IU/ml), Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) (IU/ml), Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) (IU/ml), Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) (IU/ml), Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) (IU/ml), Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) (IU/ml), Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (IU/ml), Rheumatoid Factor Latex (IU/ml), C-Reactive Protein (CRp) (mg/l), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (mm/h) and body weight (kg/ B.W.). The results was showed a significantly higher percentage in discoid rash (21%), malar rash (29%), photosensitivity (19%) anemia (26%), Proteinuria (21%) and Leukopenia (18%) in patients with SLE; hair loss (5%) and nervous system (4%) was none significantly higher; Anti-dsDNA was the most prevalent presenting characteristic in this research (33%), followed by blood urea (13%), hematuria (12 percent), and renal involvement (12%) in all individuals with SLE. Conclusion: All biomarkers and clinical features studied were found to be elevated in patients with SLE, particularly ANA and Anti-dsDNA, which were the most common autoantibodies found in this study, as well as other immunological and some biological markeres. As a result, For SLE, no one biomarker can be sensitive or specific enough