文化领域女性职业发展障碍的认知:性别视角研究

A. Villarroya, M. Barrios
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摘要

本研究探讨了妇女和男子对阻碍妇女充分参与文化劳动力市场的具体障碍的看法。为此目的,对加泰罗尼亚(西班牙)的375名文化专业人员进行了在线问卷调查,询问他们对妇女在一系列领域面临的障碍的看法。结果显示,在工作与生活平衡方面的困难是阻碍妇女进入特定文化领域和上升到决策职位的最重要障碍方面,性别之间的观点相似。但是,对影响承认妇女职业成就的障碍的看法在男女之间差别很大。男性更多地强调工作与生活的平衡问题,而女性则更多地提到玻璃天花板的存在以及她们被排除在影响网络之外。在女性艺术创作的可见性方面,虽然两性都提到交叉性是主要的限制因素,但女性和男性对其他障碍的认知存在明显差异。因此,男性更频繁地将工作与生活平衡的障碍以及创造力与男性的联系作为限制女性艺术创作知名度的主要因素。简而言之,这项研究为利益相关者提供了证据,证明男性和女性对阻碍女性攀登职业阶梯的主要障碍的不同看法;为他们的工作获得认可和知名度;在一些创意行业,甚至不能进入劳动力市场。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Perception of the barriers to women’s professional development in the cultural sector: A gender perspective study
This study explores women’s and men’s perceptions of the specific barriers that prevent women from participating fully in the cultural labour market. To this end, an online questionnaire was administered to 375 cultural professionals in Catalonia (Spain) regarding their perceptions of the barriers faced by women in a range of areas. The results show similar views between genders regarding the difficulties associated with the work–life balance as the most important obstacle preventing women from entering specific cultural fields and from rising to decision-making positions. However, perceptions of the barriers impacting the recognition of women’s career achievements differed greatly between men and women. While men place more emphasis on issues of work–life balance, women more frequently mention the existence of a glass ceiling and their exclusion from networks of influence. Regarding the visibility of women’s artistic creations, although intersectionality is mentioned by both genders as the main limiting factor, there are marked differences between women’s and men’s perception of the other barriers. Men thus more frequently refer to the barriers of work–life balance and the association of creativity with maleness as the main factors limiting the visibility of women’s artistic creations. In short, this study provides evidence to stakeholders of the different perceptions that men and women have in relation to the main barriers that prevent women from climbing the career ladder; gaining recognition and visibility for their work; and, in some creative sectors, even from entering the labour market.
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