Optimal Location Management Service for RSUs Placement in VANETs

Determining optimal placement and optimal number of roadside units (RSUs) that provides location management service in terms of load distribution, accurate localization, and overhead reduction is an open issue. In this paper, Collaborative Vehicle Location Management (CVLM) is proposed to localize destination vehicles using RSUs. Optimal placement and best number of RSUs is measured. Compared to state-of-arts methods, the results show that the proposed CVLM outperforms Grid Location Service (GLS), Intersection Location Service (ILS), Time-based Vehicle-to-Roadside (V2R) in terms of both packet delivery and end-to-end delay. Additionally, it also show that, according to Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Packet loss Ratio (PLR), overhead, and end-to-end delay, RSUs should be placed at road intersections and the optimal number of RSUs are equal to the number of these road intersections.