科罗拉多州杜兰戈附近上刘易斯页岩、Picture Cliffs砂岩和下Fruitland地层(上白垩纪)的地层学和孢粉学

C. Manfrino
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在圣胡安盆地北缘的科罗拉多州杜兰戈附近,研究了上白垩统单元(上Lewis页岩,图为悬崖砂岩和下Fruitland组)的地层和孢粉学。本研究:(1)确认了研究区这些地层的三角洲间沉积背景;(2)为圣胡安盆地北缘上白垩统岩石提供了新的生物地层资料;(3)表明了果地组底部Carbonero煤层的主要淡水来源。上路易斯页岩沉积于下近海至上近海海洋环境。图崖砂岩记录了晚白垩世海西缘的一次主要退行。东北向后退不是一个稳定的事件,而是一系列叠加的海侵脉冲。图崖砂岩的沉积环境分为近海、滨面、前滨和后滨。果地组的下部代表了一个沿海沼泽沉积物,它正好发育在绘崖砂岩的陆地上。Carbonero煤层位于Fruitland组底部。在一个地方,一个小的潮汐通道形成并淹没了当地的沼泽环境。在Lewis页岩、绘崖砂岩和Fruitland组中发现了10块晚白垩世发育型指导化石。刘易斯页岩和图崖砂岩的形态为海相组合。果地组包含花粉和孢子的陆生组合。Trudopollis meekeri、Kuylisporites scuatus和cf. myrtaceoipolenites是果陆组坎帕尼亚晚期的一个孢型组合。这些发现驳斥了最近对果地组的晚期梅斯特里希时代的解释。本研究获得的孢粉学成果可用于盆间和盆内沉积相对比和填图。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Stratigraphy and Palynology of the Upper Lewis Shale, Picture Cliffs Sandstone, and the Lower Fruitland Formation (Upper Cretaceous) near Durango, Colorado
The stratigraphy and palynology of Upper Cretaceous units (upper Lewis Shale, Pictured Cliffs Sandstone, and lower Fruitland Formation) were investigated near Durango, Colorado, on the northern rim of the San Juan basin. This investigation: (1) confirms an interdeltaic depositional setting for these formations in the study area, (2) provides new biostratigraphic data for the Upper Cretaceous rocks on the northern rim of the San Juan basin, and (3) indicates a mostly freshwater origin for the Carbonero coal bed at the base of the Fruitland Formation. The upper Lewis Shale was deposited in lower offshore to upper offshore marine environments. The Pictured Cliffs Sandstone records a major regression on the western margin of the Late Cretaceous sea. The northeastward regression was not one steady event but a series of superimposed transgressive pulses. The depositional environments identified in the Pictured Cliffs Sandstone are upper offshore, shoreface, foreshore, and backshore. The lower part of the Fruitland Formation represents a coastal swamp deposit which developed just landward of the Pictured Cliffs Sandstones. The Carbonero coal bed lies at the base of the Fruitland Formation. At one location, a small tidal channel developed and inundated the local swamp environment. Ten Late Cretaceous palynomorph guide fossils were identified in the Lewis Shale, Pictured Cliffs Sandstone, and Fruitland Formation. The palynomorphs of the Lewis Shale and Pictured Cliffs Sandstone are a marine assemblage. The Fruitland Formation contains a terrestrial assemblage of pollen and spores. Trudopollis meekeri, Kuylisporites scutatus, and cf. Myrtaceoipollenites are a late Campanian Stage palynomorph assemblage in the Fruitland Formation. These findings refute the recent interpretation of a late Maestrichtian age for the Fruitland Formation. The palynological results obtained in this research can be used for correlation and mapping of interbasin and intrabasin sedimentary facies.
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