风暴过后:河流网中颗粒氮(PN)的命运和淋滤以及流域来源和湿度条件的影响

C. Krieg, Erin L. Johnson, E. Peck, J. Kan, S. Inamdar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大风暴可以侵蚀、运输和沉积大量的颗粒氮(PN)在河流网络。人们对这种输入的命运及其对水质的影响知之甚少。本研究利用森林地面腐殖质、高地矿物a层、河岸、风暴沉积物和河床5种PN源进行56天的培养实验,研究了PN的转化和淋溶。实验受到两种湿度制度:连续潮湿和干湿循环。通过培养收集沉积物和孔隙水样品,分析N和C种,并定量硝化和反硝化基因(amoA, nirS, nirK)。富C和富N的流域源经历了分解、矿化和硝化作用,释放出大量溶解的N,但N的释放量因PN源和水分状况而异。在大多数PN源中,干燥和再润湿刺激硝化作用,抑制反硝化作用。无论湿度条件如何,风暴沉积物都释放出大量孔隙水N,表明它们在各种条件下都很容易充当N源。由于预计大风暴的频率和强度将随着全球气候变化而增加,风暴驱动的大型PN输入的输入、处理和浸出变得越来越重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
After the Storm: Fate and leaching of particulate nitrogen (PN) in the fluvial network and the influence of watershed sources and moisture conditions
Large storms can erode, transport, and deposit substantial amounts of particulate nitrogen (PN) in the fluvial network. The fate of this input and its consequence for water quality is poorly understood. This study investigated the transformation and leaching of PN using a 56-day incubation experiment with five PN sources: forest floor humus, upland mineral A horizon, stream bank, storm deposits, and stream bed. Experiments were subjected to two moisture regimes: continuously moist and dry–wet cycles. Sediment and porewater samples were collected through the incubation and analyzed for N and C species, as well as the quantification of nitrifying and denitrifying genes (amoA, nirS, nirK). C- and N-rich watershed sources experienced decomposition, mineralization, and nitrification and released large amounts of dissolved N, but the amount of N released varied depending on the PN source and moisture regime. Drying and rewetting stimulated nitrification and suppressed denitrification in most PN sources. Storm deposits released large amounts of porewater N regardless of the moisture conditions, indicating that they could readily act as N sources under a variety of conditions. The inputs, processing, and leaching of large, storm-driven PN inputs become increasingly important as the frequency and intensity of large storms is predicted to increase with global climate change.
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