Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-edge Repair

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common disease associated with significant morbidities and mortality. In this review, the new grading scheme of TR, the tricuspid valve anatomy and also the different TR mechanisms are summarised. Recently, there have been many evolving technologies to treat TR, and transcatheter edge-to-edge repair is one of the most well-established techniques. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair is shown to be effective in TR reduction. With increasing clinical experience, a number of echocardiographic predictors of optimal TR reduction have been identified, and a standardised transoesophageal echocardiogram protocol and also different techniques to improve the procedural success are presented. Finally, the uncertainties on the optimal timing of TR intervention and on the clinical benefit of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair are also addressed.