Digital Twin Development: Mathematical Modeling

The manuscript at hand targets certain major deficiencies from which the further evolving of the field of Digital Twin (DT) currently suffers. These are inadequate definitions and excess terms, inconsistent viewpoints on the matter and missing tools and conventions for realization. Mainly caused by a lack of uniform foundation because a common mindset on the subject hasn't been reached yet. Our contribution to attaining a common understanding is a mathematical modeling approach that enables a unification of different types of DTs; a well-defined terminology; establishes a basic way of thinking for modeling DTs as well as technical groundwork for implementation and execution of such. Following our idea resolves many confusions and contradictions in current literature and paves the way for standardized development tools.