比较合同法与国际会计在IASB-FASB收入确认征求意见稿中的碰撞

Kurt S. Schulzke, Gerlinde Berger-Walliser, Pier Luigi Marchini
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引用次数: 1

摘要

美国和国际会计准则制定者计划在2013年推出一项新的全球收入会计准则——来自客户合同的收入。该提案将比较合同法和国际会计联系起来,其基于合同的收入确认模式为会计师、律师、客户和财务报表使用者带来了新的法律风险和机会。尽管其重点是法律上可执行的合同,但拟议的标准起草时没有征求法律界的意见。本文模拟了该提案的复杂合同分析过程,表明其收入结果可能会因为适用于“公开价格”合同的法律上看似微小的司法管辖区差异而产生重大差异;为律师、会计师和审计师提供实践指导;建议对提案进行修改,包括用自我执行的纳什均衡取代可依法执行的契约;并鼓励法律和会计专业人士加强合作,共同部署法律和会计专业知识,以更好地创造价值、分配价值和降低风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Lexis Nexus Complexus: Comparative Contract Law and International Accounting Collide in the IASB-FASB Revenue Recognition Exposure Draft
U.S. and international accounting-standard setters plan to launch a new, global revenue accounting standard, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in 2013. Poised at the nexus of comparative contract law and international accounting, the proposal’s contract-based revenue recognition model creates new legal risks and opportunities for accountants, lawyers, clients, and financial statement users. Despite its focus on legally enforceable contracts, the proposed standard was drafted without input from the legal community. This Article models the proposal’s complex contract-analysis process, demonstrating that its revenue outcomes may vary materially because of seemingly minor interjurisdictional differences in law applicable to “open-price” contracts; offers practice pointers for attorneys, accountants, and auditors; recommends changes to the proposal, including the substitution of self-enforcing Nash equilibria for legally enforceable contracts; and encourages more collaboration between the legal and accounting professions in the joint deployment of legal and accounting expertise for better value creation, value allocation, and risk mitigation.
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