Reproductive Performance and Wastage in Large Ruminant (Cattle) in Ethiopia-Review

The objective of this paper is to review the reproductive performance and wastage in large ruminants (cow) in Ethiopia. Though the number of female cattle in Ethiopia is high (55.38% (32.0 million)), the production and reproductive performance (crucial factor) needs to be improved. For modern dairy industry, reproductive performance is the most important to determine the efficiency of dairy cattle. Even though, age at first service, age at first calving, day’s open, calving interval and number of services per conception are the most factors; management and cowlevel factors also determine the reproductive performance of dairy cow. The indigenous cattle of age at first service, age at first calving and calving interval is 34.4±2.28 to 56.16±7.56 months, 33.9 to 57.69±1.11months and 13.59±0.26 to 26.04 months, respectively. There is wastage of reproductive due to environmental, genetic, disease and management factors. So, to improve the productivity and production of native breeds, detail understanding of current performance, identifying challenges and opportunities with the causal factors is very important.