恢复室手术患者低血压原因分析

Robert Hadzik, Marta Pietrzak, D. Kosson
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摘要

目的:本文试图从性别、麻醉类型、ASA评分、手术类型、术后可能出现低血压的时间等方面,寻找患者术后低血压的危险因素。材料与方法:本研究采用的主要方法是对患者围手术期的病历资料进行分析。测量患者的平均动脉压(MAP)并记录在重症监护图中。手术类型和麻醉选择的信息从麻醉记录中获得。80名患者参与了这项研究。结果:患者性别与血压下降无明显相关性。研究组男女患者术后8小时均出现肌张力过低。在80岁以下的受试者中,肌张力低下主要发生在手术后8小时,而在老年受试者中-发生在手术后12小时。手术类型影响张力不足的发生。在接受全身麻醉和硬膜外麻醉的患者中,与其他麻醉方法相比,术后8小时平均动脉压值下降幅度最大。ASA分级可用于预测肌张力过低的发生率;在第4类患者中,这种症状明显并持续了术后12小时。结论:哪些因素对术后低血压的发生影响最大,尚不能确定。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF HYPOTENSION IN RECOVERY ROOM SURGICAL PATIENTS
Aim: The present paper attempts to find the risk factors for hypotension suffered by patients in the postoperative period taking into account the following aspects: gender, type of anaesthesia, ASA score, type of surgery, and time after surgery when it is likely to be at its lowest. Material and methods: The main method used in the study was to analyze the medical records regarding patient data in the perioperative period. Patients had their mean arterial pressure (MAP) measured and documented in the Intensive Care Chart. Information on the type of surgery and choice of anesthesia was obtained from the Anaesthesia Records. Eighty patients participated in the study. Results: There was no clear correlation between the gender of the patients and the decrease in blood pressure. Hypotonia occurred in the 8th hour after surgery in both men and women in the study group. It was observed that in subjects under 80 years of age, hypotonia occurs mainly in the 8th hour after the procedure, while in older subjects – after 12 hours following surgery. The type of procedure affects the occurrence of hypotonia. In patients undergoing general and epidural anaesthesia, the highest decreases in mean arterial pressure values were observed 8 hours after surgery compared to other methods of anaesthesia. The ASA classification proved useful in predicting the incidence of hypotonia; in Class 4 patients, it was pronounced and persisted for 12 hours after surgery. Conclusions: It cannot be conclusively stated which factors most influence the occurrence of hypotension in patients after surgery.
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