Unscented Kalman Filter-based Beam Tracking in NR MIMO System using Hybrid Beamforming

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and millimeter wave frequencies play a key role in supporting 5G wireless communication systems. They expand the area of wireless communication by increasing the data capacity in communication systems and supporting high data rates. However, short wavelengths, due to their high millimeter wave frequencies cause problems arising from signal attenuation and path loss. To address these limitations, research centered on high directional beamforming technology continues to gather interest. Furthermore, due to the mobility of UAVs, it is essential to track the beam angle accurately to obtain full beamforming gain. In this study, we propose a beam tracking method based on the unscented Kalman filter using hybrid beamforming. By expanding analog beamforming to hybrid beamforming, our proposed algorithm can be used even in multi-user and multi-stream environments, increasing the data capacity, and, thus increasing utilization in new radio multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency diversity multiplexing systems.