Development of Footwork by Using "The Rug" diversity exercises and its Effect on Reactive Agility and the Level of some Defensive Skills for Young Female handball Players

The purpose of the current study was to develop footwork by using the rug diversity drills to know its effect on the level of reactive agility and the level of defensive skills in young female handball players. The researcher applied the experimental method of one experimental group with the pre and post measurement technique to a sample of (12) players from young female handball players at Zamalek Sporting Club born in (2002). The exercises were applied in (8 weeks) by (3 training units) per week of a total of (24 training units). exercise on the 5-point rug, 9-point rug, and also to help make a layout of the 18-point rug. The researcher used the reactive agility test of her design and tests of the skill level for handball defensive skills. The results showed that the rug diversity exercises led to improve the level of the reactive agility in young female handball players of the research sample. Research terminology: Footwork, rug exercises, reactive agility, handball defensive skills. ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ Introduction and research problem: * Assistant Professor, Department of Training of Physical Sports, Faculty of Physical Education for Girls in Cairo Helwan University – Egypt. Athletic training remarkably contributes to achieving the progressed levels through planning its programs very well. Recently physical fitness and its components have been considered increasingly as they are the most important requirements of performance in various sports and consequences of the progress of the level of physical and skill performance and the development of planning performance resulted from them that leading to reach the world competitions. Essam Abdel Khaleq (2005) indicated that means, equipment and assisting tools played a significant role within the training process as they helped recognize the training objective clearly, economize time and effort for the coach, enhance motivation and enthusiasm and strengthen selfconfidence in players. Mohammed Lotfy (2006) thought that the term of assisting means indicated to tools and methods enabling the player to get sensational experiences and physical, motor and skill training situations for acquisition of motor or skill duty to help upgrade the performance. Yahya Al-Sayed (2002) and Mohammed Abdel Ghani Othman (2004) agreed that training programs took a form, structure and organization matching the new development in equipment and means used during the training process that became necessary