黑暗天使:从性别角度重新思考自杀的想法

Dolores Alemany-Martínez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

年轻女性自杀意念的流行可能与她们之间一些明显的共同特征有关。除了对青少年时期的某种心理倾向进行医学诊断之外,这项研究还试图了解性别在他们的创意写作成果中常见预测因素的重要性。研究的语料库是基于艾米·利维(1861-1889)、安玛丽·施瓦岑巴赫(1908-1942)和亚历杭德拉·皮萨尼克(1936-1972)的精选书面作品。这些作者被选为有自杀倾向的代表性女作家。无论是短篇小说还是诗歌,生活在不同的时代和文化背景中,这项研究中出现的女性的心理都显示出惊人的相似之处。在禁忌的性取向、作为耻辱的生育、对社会不赞成的持续恐惧、不完整感和围绕个人不同声音的内心对话等方面,可以找到并确定相似之处。研究结果支持了自杀与性别有关的观点。了解性别与自杀的相关性将有助于从更广泛的角度理解对女性自杀行为的潜在解释。这种当代流行病学需要清楚地描述和识别,以便通过社会宣泄而不是个人努力使其可见并根除。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Angels of Darkness: Rethinking suicidal ideation from a gender perspective
The prevalence of suicidal ideation in young women might be linked to some distinguishable features that are strikingly common among them. Going further than the medical diagnosis of a certain mental disposition since teenagehood, this research tries to understand the importance of gender in relation to the presence of common predictors in their creative writing output. The corpus for study was based on selected written production by Amy Levy (1861-1889), Annemarie Schwarzenbach (1908-1942) and Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972). The authors were chosen as representative female writers marked by suicide attempts. Whether short fiction or poetry and having lived in different times and cultural backgrounds, the psyches of the women present in this research show astonishing resemblance. Similarities can be traced and identified regarding tabooed sexual orientation, maternity as a stigma, a constant fear of social disapproval, a sense of incompleteness and the inner dialogue around different voices of the individual. The findings support the view that suicide is gendered. Understanding the relevance of gender in suicide will help understand the underlying interpretations of women's suicidality in a wider perspective. This contemporary epidemiology needs to be clearly described and identified in order to be made visible and eradicated not by individual strive, but through social catharsis.
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