Secure and flexible algorithm for outsourcing of bilinear pairings effectively resisting conspiracy

With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G network, IoT devices become more and more important to our life. They contain smart speaker, web camera and smart home products. No doubt they bring a lot of convenience for our daily life and work affairs, but will cause some secure problems. The resource constrained IoT devices may not have enough computational ability and energy to run complicated cryptosystem like bilinear pairing. Currently, most of the architecture of distribution strategy for outsourcing bilinear pairing are fixed. The number of servers will be one or two without conspiracy. Nevertheless, in 5G and IoT environment, they support a large amount of assistant nodes to speed up calculation and data processing, such as edge computing. In this paper, we propose a flexible and secure architecture for outsourcing bilinear pairings with few assistant nodes which can be semi-trusted or untrusted. We can adjust our architecture to meet the different requirements according to the environment. Even if the most servers conspire each other, our proposed scheme also can detect the flaw of cheating with high probability.