A Comprehensive Review on Clustering in WSN: Optimization Techniques and Future Research Challenges

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has become an attraction for various academic researchers and technical communities in these modern times. The aim is to work upon key issues like better data communication, maintain network load, reliability, scalability, and augment security issues. Clustering has its own significance in WSN as it plays a vital role in energy utilization, which is one of the key concerns in any kind of network. A cluster is formed by set of nodes, the formed cluster is responsible for improving the routing structure that reduces network delay and create a network with better efficiency. Nodes in a cluster come together on the basis of fitness function. The proposed review focuses on clustering aspects like objectives that are facilitated, characteristics, taxonomy for cluster formation and classification of the optimization techniques used to enhance the clustering process in WSNs which have been proposed in previous years.