生物相容性冷冻剂的合成与应用

B. Gaisina, L. Orazzhanova, A. Sabitova, B. Bayakhmetova, Z. S. Sharipkhan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物相容性低温材料是一种具有很高应用前景的功能材料。大孔结构对低温材料在医药、催化和生物技术等领域的应用具有重要意义。本文综述了基于生物高聚物、生物高聚物间多电解质配合物和基于生物高聚物的复合低温材料的制备方法。首先,简要介绍了低温物的性质和基于生物聚合物的低温物生产方法。第二部分综述了基于生物聚合物复合物和复合低温凝胶的低温凝胶生产的最新进展。考虑了低温合成的特点和影响低温材料最终性能要求的因素。第三部分综述了目前正在研究的生物相容性冷藏箱在油气领域的应用领域,包括生物技术、催化和医学。在生物技术中,低温材料被用来固定分子和生物细胞,作为细胞生长的基础和细胞分离的色谱材料。在催化方面,低温材料被用作固定金属纳米颗粒和酶的基质。生物相容性冷库及其复合材料在医学上广泛应用于骨和软骨组织的修复,以及药物的适当转移,保证药物在体内的释放。使用具有可控疏水性的低温聚合物组合物作为增强层,在油气田中创建水屏障屏障是很有前途的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF BIOCOMPATIBLE CRYOGELS
Biocompatible cryogels are substances with a very high prospect for obtaining functional materials. The macroporous structure is of great importance for the use of cryogels as important materials in medicine, catalysis and some areas of biotechnology. In this review, the authors focused on methods for producing cryogels based on biopolymers, interpolyelectrolyte complexes of biopolymers and composite cryogels based on them. First, a brief theoretical information on the properties of cryogels and methods for producing cryogels based on biopolymers will be considered. The second part of the review contains the latest achievements in the production of cryogel based on biopolymer complexes and composite cryogels. The features of cryogenic synthesis and factors affecting the required final properties of cryogenic materials are considered. In the third part of the review, the fields of application of biocompatible cryogels in oil and gas fields of the type under consideration in biotechnology, catalysis and medicine are studied. In biotechnology, cryogenic materials are used to immobilize molecules and biological cells, as a basis for cell growth and as chromatographic materials for cell separation. In catalysis, cryogenic materials are used as a matrix for the immobilization of metal nanoparticles and enzymes. Biocompatible cryogels and composites based on them are widely used in medicine to restore bone and cartilage tissue, as well as for the proper transfer of drugs, ensuring the release of drugs in the body. The use of cryotropic polymer compositions with controlled hydrophobic properties as a reinforcing layer for creating hydro barrier screens in oil and gas fields is promising.
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