农业农场技术效率与资本产出率——基于北方邦贾西区的研究

H. Jain, R. Jha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在灌溉条件不稳定的情况下,化肥、农药和粪肥等现代技术投入的使用增加,可能是提高农业生产力的负责因素。拖拉机动力、脱粒机、柴油泵、电动机等机械投入有助于节省时间、金钱和水。这些投入增加了农民的收入和效率。本研究的目的是找出资本使用资源的技术效率和资本产出比率。为了找出技术效率,采用Cobb-Douglas生产函数方法,将普通最小二乘估计量转化为校正普通最小二乘估计量。为了检验两个地区之间的技术平等,采用了周氏试验。这项研究是在北方邦Jhansi省的Jhansi, Lalitpur和Jalaun地区进行的。土壤类型是区分采样区域的主要依据。选择的农场规模类别是边缘(2.5英亩土地),小型(> 2.5英亩土地到5英亩土地)和大型(> 5英亩土地)。研究发现,在选定的区域,农民所占比例最高的技术效率类别分别为51% ~ 60%、51% ~ 70%、71% ~ 80%和81% ~ 90%。但在选定地区,大多数农场规模类别都遵循61%至70%和71%至80%的技术效率类别。在Jhansi和Lalitpur地区,边际农户和小农使用的投入量不同,但大农使用的投入量相同。在贾西县和贾劳恩县以及拉利特普尔县和贾劳恩县,不同投入物的使用量在边际-边际、小-小和大农场规模类别之间没有显著差异。在选定的地区,每种投入对不同类别的农民的个人份额可能相同,以提高产量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Technical Efficiency of Agricultural Farms and Capital-Output Ratio: A Study on Jhansi Division of Uttar Pradesh
The increasing use of modern technological inputs like fertilizers, pesticides and manure under the condition of unstable irrigation could be the responsible factors for increasing the agricultural productivity. The mechanical inputs like tractor power, threshers, diesel pumps, electric motors are useful to save time, money and water. These inputs increase the farmer’s income and efficiency. Present study contains the objective to find out the technical efficiency of capital use resources and capital output ratio. In order to find the technical efficiency, the Cobb-Douglas production function method was applied in which Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimators were converted into the Corrected Ordinary Least Square (COLS) estimators. To examine the technological equality between two districts, Chow Test has been used. The study is on Jhansi, Lalitpur and Jalaun districts of Jhansi division in Uttar Pradesh. Soil type was the main criteria for differentiating the areas for sampling. The selected farm size categories are marginal (up to 2.5 acre land), small (> 2.5 acre land to 5 acre land), and large (> 5 acre land). The study finds that, in selected regions, the maximum percentage of farmers lies in 51% to 60%, 51% to 70%, 71% to 80% and 81% to 90% categories of technical efficiency. But the 61% to 70% and 71% to 80% technical efficiency categories are followed by majority of farm size categories in the selected regions. In Jhansi and Lalitpur districts, marginal and small farmers are used the different amount of inputs but large farmers are used same amount of inputs in two regions. In the case of Jhansi and Jalaun districts and Lalitpur and Jalaun districts, there is no significant difference among the marginal-marginal, small-small and large-large farm size categories in the used amount of different inputs. In selected regions, the individual shares of each input for different categories of farmers are likely to be same to raise the output.
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