儿童龋齿的患病率和强度

M. A. Ahmadzoda
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引用次数: 0

摘要

的目标。目的:评价儿童早期、中期和青春期的牙齿健康状况。材料与方法。对90名不同年龄组儿童的龋病患病率和龋病强度进行了评估:20名儿童来自幼儿组(6岁),45名儿童来自幼儿中期组(12岁),25名儿童来自青少年(15岁)。在儿童中期组,DMFT指数的“龋坏”成分(龋坏、缺牙、补牙)开始出现,并随着年龄的增长而明显增加。以青少年为例,是4.04±2.08,是中期儿童的两倍多。该指数的“填充”部分也出现了类似的趋势——6岁儿童的“填充”部分仅为0.1±0.02,但该指标随着年龄的增长而明显增加,在青少年中达到2.15±0.15。因此,在青少年中,“填充”成分占2.15±0.15,而“衰减”成分占1.57±0.13,低1.3倍。与年龄相关的龋患病率和强度已经确定,DMFT指数的“龋坏”部分在中年儿童中具有特征性,并且有增加的趋势。母亲和儿童都缺乏足够的牙科教育来预防龋齿和其他牙科疾病。调查显示,约三分之二(84.6%)的受访者更喜欢软食。需要全面修订在儿童中组织和开展预防龋齿教育工作的现有方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Prevalence and intensity of caries in children
Aim. To evaluate the dental health of children in early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence.Materials and Methods. The prevalence and intensity of caries were assessed in 90 children from different age groups: 20 children from the early childhood group (6 years old), 45 children from the middle childhood group (12 years old), and 25 teenagers (15 years old).Results. In the middle childhood group, the “Decayed” component of the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) starts to appear, showing a clear increase with age. For instance, in teenagers, it is 4.04 ± 2.08, which is more than twice as high as in middle childhood children. A similar trend is observed with the “Filled” component of the index - while it was only 0.1 ± 0.02 in 6-year-old children, this indicator shows a clear increase with age, amounting to 2.15 ± 0.15 in teenagers. Consequently, in teenagers, the “Filled” component prevails at 2.15 ± 0.15, while the “Decayed” component is 1.57 ± 0.13, which is 1.3 times lower.Conclusion. An age-related prevalence and intensity of caries have been established, with the “Decayed” component of the DMFT index characteristically being identified in middle-aged children, with a tendency to increase. Both mothers and children lack sufficient dental education to prevent dental caries and other dental diseases. The survey showed that about two-thirds (84.6%) of the respondents prefer soft foods. A comprehensive revision of the existing methodology for organizing and conducting educational work among children on caries prevention is required.
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