Implementation of Solar Panel Static Mppt on Partial Shading Conditions Based on the Boost Topology Converter with Firefly Algorithm

Indonesia has a large potential for new and renewable energy, one of which is solar energy. Solar energy can be converted into electrical energy using solar panels. The output power of a photovoltaic (PV) system is primarily affected by ambient temperature, solar irradiation, and the angle of incidence of the sun. Differences in the level of solar irradiation received by PV modules can be caused by cloudy weather, trees, buildings, and other objects that can cover the surface of the solar panels. When a PV module is partially shaded, the power output of the module becomes imbalanced. Unbalanced output power can cause multiple peaks on the PV characteristic curve, reducing overall output power. To obtain global-peak, a method for maximizing solar panel output power and an algorithm are required. The method is MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). The goal of this research is to determine the maximum power point of PV in the condition of a partially shaded PV module and to design a boost converter. In this study, the MPPT control method with the Firefly algorithm is used to analyze solar panel output power in partially shaded conditions in order to avoid being trapped in the local peak. At 950 W/m2 irradiation and 35°C temperature, the maximum power output generated by the MPPT system on a 200 WP solar panel with the value of 56 Ω and 100 Ω loads is 82.85 W and 82.99 W. In partial shaded conditions on the solar panel by 25% at a temperature of 35ᴼC, the maximum power output generated by MPPT is 40.98 W and 40.82 W. In partial shaded conditions on the solar panel by 50% at a temperature of 35ᴼC, the maximum power output generated by MPPT is 38.81 W and 38.95 W. Partial shading conditions affect the maximum power point gain. The maximum output power of the panel will decrease as the panel surface is partially shaded.