高等教育转型支持数字化转型

C. V. D. Vorst
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引用次数: 0

摘要

多年来,教育体系即将发生变化。具体来说,本文的重点是德国,那里的学校和大多数大学都是公立的。规则与过去有关,像深度功能知识、详细记忆的主题和重复的方法等技能一直是教育大纲的首要内容。在全球化趋势之后,“工业4.0”一词的引入刺激了生产和自动化。突然之间,这个行业在全球范围内受到了新的技能和要求的挑战,要求教育系统为毕业生提供更深刻的技能支持,根据定义,他们是“数字原住民”。改变一个系统需要时间、基础设施和高级培训。(参见Catalano, 2019, p.25f)如果没有时间进行这种转变怎么办?2020年初,新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球,为了人们的安全,所有学校和大学都停课了。一开始只是一个间歇,但一段时间后,人们发现,即使是争论在线教育与面对面学习的质量也无济于事。远程教育是与学生接触的唯一途径,纯粹的自学需要通过更激励的方法来丰富。突然之间,各方都有了新的角色。有些人真的感到压力过大,几乎没有经验。为了在秋季开始一个成熟的学期,并在一年的剩余时间里从主要的远程教学转变为至少混合的教学形式,教师们扩展了他们对数字工具的知识并进行了交流。在过去的一年里,教师们越来越舒适,一些方法似乎仍然存在,即使所有的教学都可以存在。(参见Boivin等人,2021年,第27页)在2020/21年大流行期间,不仅教育系统受到挑战,整个世界和商界都必须适应。与制作公司的新业务需求相比,这表明学生在远程课程中学到的许多技能仍将适用于业务情况(例如视频会议、在线演示、自我激励学习)。此外,变化的速度加快了,随着数字化转型的渗透无处不在,现在是时候改变课程的主要结构了,在人际交往中增加更深刻的技能组合,技能的实际适应,而不仅仅是知识构建终身学习的新角色。(参见Meilleur, 2018)问题仍然存在:“在疫情过后,在线教育的作用是什么?“从2019冠状病毒病大流行中吸取教训,以了解行业和未来工作的新要求,教育的新环境会是什么?”这篇论文将无法提供一个明确的答案,但将提供一个良好的研究开端。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
HIGHER EDUCATION TURNAROUND SUPPORTING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Since years the education system was about to change. Specifically, the focus with this paper is on Germany where the schools and most universities are public. Rules are related to the past, skills like deep functional knowledge, topics memorised in detail and repetitive methods have been on top of the educational syllabus. After the trends of globalisation, the introduction of the term 'Industry 4.0' provocative production and automation. All of a sudden industry has been challenged globally with new skills and requirements asking the education system to support with a more profound skills of graduates being 'digital natives' per definition. To change a system takes time, infrastructure and advanced training. (cf. Catalano, 2019, p.25f) What if there is no time for this transformation? In the beginning of 2020 the Pandemic Covid-19 hit the world and all schools and universities been shut for people's safety. It started as a break but after a while people figured even arguing about the quality of online education versus in-person learning did not help. Remote education was the only way to get in contact with students and pure self-learning needed to be enriched by more motivating methods. All of a sudden, all parties had new roles. Some really felt overstrained and had very little experience. To start a mature semester in autumn, and moving from mainly remotely to an at least hybrid format for the rest of the year, teachers extended their knowledge of digital tools and exchanged it. Over the year faculty increased comfort and some approaches seems to remain even if all teaching could be in presence. (cf. Boivin et al., 2021, p.27ff) Not only the education system was challenged during the pandemic in 2020/21, the entire world and business world had to adapt. Comparing only with the new business requirements of production companies, shows that a lot of the skills the students learned in remote sessions will remain in business situations (e.g. video conferencing, online presentations, self-motivated learning). In addition, the speed of change increased and with the penetration of digital transformation everywhere, now is the time to change the main structure of curriculars adding more profound skill sets in human interaction, practical adaptation of skills versus just having knowledge building new characters for life-long learning. (cf. Meilleur, 2018) The questions are remaining;'What is the role of online-education past the pandemic?' 'What could be a new setting in education taking the learnings from the pandemic Covid-19 to map new requirements from the industry and for future jobs?' The paper will not be able to provide one clear answer but will provide a good start of research.
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