Logic Meets Learning: From Aristotle to Neural Networks

The tension between deduction and induction is perhaps the most fundamental issue in areas such as philosophy, cognition and artificial intelligence. In this chapter, we survey work that provides evidence for the long-standing and deep connections between logic and learning. After a brief historical prelude, our narrative is then structured in terms of three strands of interaction: logic versus learning, machine learning for logic, and logic for machine learning, but with ample overlap.