{"title":"GRAVITY+:面向微弱科学,全天空毫角秒光学干涉成像","authors":"S. Gillessen","doi":"10.1117/12.2562557","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"GRAVITY and the VLTI have transformed optical interferometry with ground-breaking results on the Galactic Center, Active Galactic Nuclei, and Exoplanets. With modest upgrades to GRAVITY+, the Paranal Observatory will open up the extragalactic sky for milli-arcsec resolution interferometric imaging, and give access to galactic targets as faint as 22 mag. GRAVITY+ will measure the black hole masses of active galactic nuclei across cosmic times, establish whether globular clusters harbor intermediate-mass black holes, and obtain high-quality exoplanet spectra and orbits. The straightforward upgrade consists of implementing off-axis fringe tracking, an improved throughput, and laser-guide star adaptive optics for all 8m telescopes and can be divided up into several phases. Most of the upgrades will be beneficial to all VLTI instruments. Here we present a few selected science cases and outline the project, which could be implemented within a few years.","PeriodicalId":168874,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VII","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"GRAVITY+: towards faint science, all sky milli arcsecond optical interferometric imaging\",\"authors\":\"S. Gillessen\",\"doi\":\"10.1117/12.2562557\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"GRAVITY and the VLTI have transformed optical interferometry with ground-breaking results on the Galactic Center, Active Galactic Nuclei, and Exoplanets. With modest upgrades to GRAVITY+, the Paranal Observatory will open up the extragalactic sky for milli-arcsec resolution interferometric imaging, and give access to galactic targets as faint as 22 mag. GRAVITY+ will measure the black hole masses of active galactic nuclei across cosmic times, establish whether globular clusters harbor intermediate-mass black holes, and obtain high-quality exoplanet spectra and orbits. The straightforward upgrade consists of implementing off-axis fringe tracking, an improved throughput, and laser-guide star adaptive optics for all 8m telescopes and can be divided up into several phases. Most of the upgrades will be beneficial to all VLTI instruments. Here we present a few selected science cases and outline the project, which could be implemented within a few years.\",\"PeriodicalId\":168874,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VII\",\"volume\":\"16 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-12-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VII\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2562557\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VII","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2562557","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
GRAVITY+: towards faint science, all sky milli arcsecond optical interferometric imaging
GRAVITY and the VLTI have transformed optical interferometry with ground-breaking results on the Galactic Center, Active Galactic Nuclei, and Exoplanets. With modest upgrades to GRAVITY+, the Paranal Observatory will open up the extragalactic sky for milli-arcsec resolution interferometric imaging, and give access to galactic targets as faint as 22 mag. GRAVITY+ will measure the black hole masses of active galactic nuclei across cosmic times, establish whether globular clusters harbor intermediate-mass black holes, and obtain high-quality exoplanet spectra and orbits. The straightforward upgrade consists of implementing off-axis fringe tracking, an improved throughput, and laser-guide star adaptive optics for all 8m telescopes and can be divided up into several phases. Most of the upgrades will be beneficial to all VLTI instruments. Here we present a few selected science cases and outline the project, which could be implemented within a few years.