THE POSITIVIST MODEL IN THE VISION OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL THEORY AND FRANKFURT SCHOOL

This research aims to unveil the most important criticisms made by the phenomenological theory, led by Husserl and the Frankfurt School, to the positivist trend, Where Husserl worked to reveal the truth of this trend, because he ignored the essence of human existence and the extremes of the world of life, while the pioneers of the Frankfurt School proved its shortcomings, as the instrumental mind is considered the cause of the tragedies and setbacks that have befallen Western humanity, and we also show This research aims to reveal the nature of positivism and to clarify its most important foundations or central concepts that were based on it, because it is a materialistic philosophy with a scientific orientation, as it carried the banner of modern science that is based on observation and experiment, and its goal was limited to revealing the system to which phenomena are subject, i.e. Laws and predictions of the course of phenomena to give them objectivity, the scientific method was the same, whether it was a natural or human phenomenon, and this view resulted in the human being’s objectification and the exclusion of the world of values, justice, freedom and everything that is at the heart of human existence. Key words: Criticism, Positivism, Objectivity, Interpretation, Scientific Method