噪声干扰对下肢认知运动任务中简单反应时间和选择反应时间的影响

H. Chander, Abbey McCrory, Sunny Jo Chandler, Seth Freeny, Aaron Griffith, Reuben F. Burch, Lesley Strawderman, A. Knight
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引用次数: 1

摘要

噪音的存在会对认知表现产生负面影响,噪音被视为一种干扰和压力源,尤其是在危险的职业环境中。由于噪音干扰,通常伴随着职业工作的肌肉骨骼疲劳会进一步增加风险并危及安全。本研究的目的是调查噪音干扰和体力负荷对简单和选择反应时间任务的影响。健康男女16例(年龄:20±1岁;高度:169.48±8.2 cm;体重:67.93±12.7 kg)使用三个Blazepod™光响应时间系统进行简单(SRT)和选择反应任务(CRT),方法是坐在位置上,通过耳机听建筑工地的噪音(65-85dB),用主下肢撞击。然后,参与者执行低强度肌肉骨骼疲劳任务,并再次完成上述测量。对无噪声干扰的SRT和CRT在工作负荷前(PRE)和工作负荷后(POST)的3个试验的反应时间(RT) (ms)进行平均,并对SRT和CRT分别进行2(噪声)× 2(工作负荷)× 2(任务)重复测量方差分析,采用JASP, alpha水平为0.05。结果显示,工作负荷任务之间存在显著的交互作用(p = 0.041),工作负荷和噪声之间存在显著的主效应(p = 0.007)。SRT中的工作负荷(p = 0.009)和CRT中的噪声(p = 0.002)也存在显著的主效应。在SRT中,在POST疲劳测量期间,RT明显更快,这表明可能是认知唤醒和学习效果的改善,而不是负疲劳效应。在SRT和CRT中,以及单独在CRT中,由于噪声干扰,RT显着变慢,对性能产生负面影响,特别是在与SRT相比更具挑战性的CRT中。因此,本研究的结果表明,当反应任务的复杂性较大时,噪声干扰的影响显著,并且由于工作量和潜在的学习效应而引起的潜在认知唤醒可能会影响反应时间的表现。最后,下肢认知运动任务显示了类似于上肢认知运动任务的反应时间行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Noise Interference Impacts Simple and Choice Response Times during a Lower Extremity Cognitive–Motor Task
Cognitive performance is negatively affected by the presence of noise, which is seen as a distractor and a stressor, especially in hazardous occupational environments. The addition of musculoskeletal fatigue that commonly accompanies occupational work due to noise interruption can further elevate risk and compromise safety. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of both individual and a combination of noise interference and physical workload on simple and choice response time tasks. Sixteen healthy male and female participants (age: 20 ± 1 years; height: 169.48 ± 8.2 cm; weight: 67.93 ± 12.7 kg) performed a simple (SRT) and choice response task (CRT) with three Blazepod™ light response time systems by striking with the dominant lower extremity from a seated position while listening to noises from a construction site (65–85dB) through headphones. Participants then performed a low-intensity musculoskeletal fatigue task and completed the above measures again. Response times (RT) (ms) from three trials of SRT and CRT, both without and with noise interference, before (PRE) and after the workload (POST), were averaged, and a 2 (Noise) × 2 (workload) × 2 (task) repeated measure ANOVA and a 2 (Noise) × 2 (workload) repeated measure ANOVA were performed for SRT and CRT, respectively, using JASP at an alpha level of 0.05. Results revealed a significant interaction between workload task (p = 0.041), as well as a main effect significance for the workload (p = 0.007) and noise (p = 0.044). The main effect significance also existed for workload in SRT (p = 0.009) and for noise in CRT (p = 0.002). In SRT, RT was significantly faster during the POST fatigue measure, suggesting a possible cognitive arousal and a learning effect improvement rather than a negative fatigue effect. In both SRT and CRT, as well as individually in CRT, RT was significantly slower due to noise interruption, negatively impacting performance, especially in the more challenging CRT compared to SRT. Thus, findings from the current study suggest that the impact of noise interruption is significant when the complexity of the response task is greater, and the potential cognitive arousal due to the workload and potential learning effects may influence response time performances. Finally, a lower extremity cognitive–motor task demonstrates response time behavior similar to such upper extremity cognitive–motor tasks.
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