燕麦(Avena Sativa L.)的评价干旱胁迫下饲料产量和品质的变化

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摘要

对棉花果实脱落的各个方面进行了综述。因此,这一领域的最新进展可以巩固对当前研究的审查。棉花种植者的一个主要担忧是严重的落果,这会导致直接的产量损失,这以牺牲方块和幼铃为代价。棉花果型脱落是植物自身激素失衡、营养状况、年龄关系以及缺水、涝渍、高温、暗光、盐碱、病虫害等环境胁迫共同作用的结果。这些压力导致显著的信号改变,如荷尔蒙失衡。乙烯通过激活细胞壁降解酶(如纤维素酶和聚半乳糖醛酸酶)的产生,在脱落过程中起着关键作用。这些环境胁迫会使子实体早落现象显著增加,对棉花产量造成严重损失。本文从果实脱落的内因和外因、生理水平、激素水平和分子水平三个方面阐述了果实脱落的机制,并从植物激素和环境胁迫的不同方面指出了果实脱落的缺失环节。本文还重点介绍了棉花果实脱落这一非常复杂的谜团的缺失部分,阐明了植物感知脱落信号并触发植物激素介导的信号转导级联的机制,这对于设计与果实脱落相关的育种和转基因方法至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation Of Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Accessions For Fodder Yield And Quality Under Drought Stress
Various aspects of fruit abscission in cotton have been reviewed in the past. Recent advances in this field thus permit consolidation of review of the current research. A major concern among cotton growers is heavy fruit drop, that leads to direct yield loss, which occurs at the expense of squares and young bolls. Shedding of fruiting forms in cotton is the combined consequence of plant itself like hormonal imbalance, plant nutritional status, age relation, and environmental stresses like water deficit, waterlogging, high temperature, dim light, salinity, insects and diseases. These stresses result in prominent signaling modifications like hormonal imbalance. Ethylene is claimed to play a key role in abscission apparently by activating the production of cell wall degrading enzymes such as cellulases and polygalacturonase. The premature dropping of fruiting bodies can significantly increase due to these environmental stresses, which result in severe loss in cotton yield. This article is focused on both internal and external factors that leads to fruit abscission, mechanism of fruit abscission at the physiological, hormonal, and molecular level and trying to point out the missing links on different aspects of plant hormones and environmental stresses regarding fruit abscission. This article also focused on the missing pieces of the very complicated puzzle of fruit abscission process in cotton and elucidation of the mechanism by which plants perceive abscission signals and trigger phytohormone–mediated signal transduction cascades is crucial to devise fruit shedding related breeding and transgenic approaches.
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