对俄罗斯联邦主体的反俄制裁和威胁

S. Kazantsev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2014年3月,美国和欧盟宣布对俄罗斯实施贸易和金融制裁,并对一些个人实施旅行禁令。尽管没有一个主管的国际机构批准或支持这些制裁,但其他几个国家——主要是北约成员国和美国的盟友——后来加入了制裁行列。制裁是由一个国家或一组国家实施的,因此它们也必须受到一个国家的反对。此外,实施制裁的国家通常比承受制裁的国家更强大。制裁是一种武器。因此,不仅要防御他们,而且要剥夺那些强加他们的能力和欲望。为了达到这个目的,至少需要保护自己的弱点(没有弱点更好),增加力量。根据2011-2012年的官方统计数据,作者利用自己的技术计算了俄罗斯联邦82个主体的经济保护水平。根据这些级别,这些地区被划分为四组可保护性中的一组:良好、可接受、有问题和弱。结果,从选定的一套指标来看,俄罗斯联邦一半的主体对制裁的敏感性较低:它们的可保护程度要么是好的,要么是可以接受的。作者提出了提高俄罗斯地区免受制裁保护的措施
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anti-Russian Sanctions and Threats for the Subjects of the Russian Federation
In March 2014, the US and the EU announced trade and financial sanctions against Russia and a travel ban on some individuals. Although none of the competent international bodies approved or endorsed these sanctions, several other countries—mostly NATO members and allies of the USA—joined them later. Sanctions are imposed by a state or a group of states, so they must also be opposed by a state. Moreover, the state applying sanctions is usually stronger than the one withstanding them. Sanctions are a weapon. Therefore, it is necessary not only to defend oneself from them, but also to deprive those who impose them the ability and desire to fight. For this purpose, it is required at least to protect one’s weak points (it is even better not to have them) and increase the power. Basing on the 2011–2012 official statistics and using his own technique, the author has calculated the levels of economic protectability from sanctions for each of 82 subjects of the Russian Federation. Depending on these levels, the regions have been assigned to one of four groups of protectability: good, acceptable, questionable and weak. It turned out that judging by the selected set of indicators, a half of the subjects of the Russian Federation are of low sensitivity to sanctions: their level of protectability is either good or acceptable. The author suggests measures to improve the protectability of Russian regions from the sanctions imposed on the country
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