3 Queer: A Question of being or a question of doing?

reformers; and l l ia l the Society's leaders were a c t i v e and effective throughout the 1960s. 9. For filmic accounts of pre-Stonewall liar dyke communities in Canada and California respectively see Forbidden Love: The Unashamed Stories of Lesbian Lives (1992) directed by Aerlyn Weissman and Lynne Fernie, and Last Call at Maud's ( 1993) directed by Paris Poiricr. For a critical analysis of these and other such films, see Hankin (2000). 10. This image of the 'untouchable' is particularly associated with the figure of the stone butch. See, for example, Halbcrstam (1998); Feinberg (1993). 11. For an explicit example of this, see Lee Lynth's poem Stone Bute// in Nestle (1992) p. 405. 12. For a more detailed account of the political context in which Gay Liberation organisations formed in the USA, the UK, and Australia respectively, see D'Emilio (1983); Weeks (1977); and Wotherspoon (1991). 13. In saying this I do not mean to conflate what was in reality a heterogeneous range of organisations and forms of activism. For an account of the important political and socio-economic differences t h a t gave rise to different models of Gay Liberation in different countries, see Adam (1995). 14. Sartelle quotes Cal Thomas, an opponent of gay rights, who says of the determinist argument: 'I don't think it legitimizes homosexual practice and behavior any more than the discovery of heavy doses of testosterone in a male justifies his adultery or promiscuity' ( 1994: 3). 15. Greet (1995), Phelan (1993), and Sedgwick (1990) have all critically engaged with the coming out narrative. Hi. For similar critiques of the alleged sexism and misogyny of gay (male) politics see Jeffreys (1990); Frye (1983). 17. Friedan, the author of the influential The Feminist Mystique (1963) was at the time (1970) the national president of NOW. 18. This excerpt was taken from a copy of the entire manifesto which can be found at http://cariiap.uind.edii/queer/ radicalesbian.htm 19. This sort of agenda also played a central role in the development of separatist politics and communities. For detailed culturally specific accounts of lesbian separatism, see Doyle (1996); Ion (1997). 20. See, for example, Abbott and Love (1972). 21. See O'Sullivan (1997). 22. See Moraga (1983); Nestle (1992). 23. For a more detailed account of the Sex Wars, see Duggan and Hunter (1996); Faderman (1991); Healey (1996); and O'Sullivan (1997). 3