A Study on Zhèng Qiáo (鄭樵)’s Understanding of SeoHwa (書畵: Calligraphy and Painting) based on his Theory of SeoHwaDongChul (書畵同出: Calligraphy and painting are beginning from same root) in the Era of Song Dynasty

This article presents why Zhèng Qiáo understood the relation between Seo and Hwa focusing on graphonomy to raise the theory of SeoHwaDongChul. Zhāng Yàn Yuǎn (張彦遠)’s thoughts of SeoHwaDongChe (書畵同體: Calligraphy and painting are same as each other) led to the theory of SeoHwaDongChul suggested by Zhèng Qiáo in the era of Song dynasty. Zhèng Qiáo drew the meaning of DongChul of Seo and Hwa from graphonomy to develop his thoughts. The essences of his theory of SeoHwaDongChul investigated for this article are: First, YukSeo (六書: the theory of explaining about the formation of Chinese characters in six types) puts priority onto SangHyeong (象形: a type of formation of Chinese characters). He thought that YukSeo could not help putting such priority to Hyeong (形: shape) as literacy and language should be based on SangHyeong, painting. Hwa delivers Thao, and Seo and Hwa come out of same root, which itself means SeoHwaDongChul. Second, his theory of SeoHwaDongChul is based on I-Ching. In particular, his thoughts of such show that he tried to explain about the origin, usage and formation of characters through the logic of I-Ching. Third, Doh (圖: picture or figure) shows whether academic goal has been achieved. which means the role and weight of Doh are big and heavy enough to contribute to establishing structure of a country. That is, the theory of SeHwaByengYong (書畫竝用: Seo and Hwa should be used together) is more for practice than for any other else. Fourth, Zhèng Qiáo’s theory of SeoHwaDongChul and Zhāng Yàn Yuǎn’s theory of SeoHwaDongChe look accord and same with each other. Such Zhèng Qiáo’s understanding of SeoHwa raised the role value of SeoHwa to an academic position and emphasized practicality of SeoHwa in academic boundary. In conclusion, Zhèng Qiáo’s understanding that SeoHwa helps academic achievement and contribution to establishing structure of a country is an argument that SeoHwa plays the role as same as that of YukJeok (六籍: six Confucian classics) at artistry level.