Systematic electric vehicle scaling for test bed simulation

As electric vehicles (EVs) become more popular, an abundance of valuable engineering resources are dedicated to creating full-scale test beds to validate and modify vehicle hardware and software. This paper presents a systematic approach to down-scaling full-size electric vehicles' parameters and environmental conditions to a level that can be handled by a small-scale hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation test bed. The paper also presents the method for scaling the simulation results back up to the full-size vehicle level. The EV test bed is realized using a two-electric machine system, where one machine represents the vehicle's traction motor and the other emulates the vehicle parameters and operating environment.