儿童权利认知的方法论基础

O. Maksymenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究的目的是研究对法律现象的认知技术和方法,对儿童权利作为一种法律现象进行科学分析,找出一般模式,并在全球和国家层面对儿童权利进行形式化和普遍化。这项研究的方法论基础是使用了实现科学目标和完成既定任务所必需的一套方法,特别是:分析乌克兰国际文件和立法中的儿童权利、普遍化方法、解释和处理规范和教义来源文本的解释学、其他哲学、一般科学和特殊方法。科学的新奇之处在于,作者首次将儿童权利视为一种法律现象,根据儿童的主体、类型和年龄而具有特定的特征。作者强调了在儿童发展的每个阶段认识儿童权利的方法论基础,并建议使用上述一些方法。认识儿童权利的科学工具是结构化的。儿童权利研究是一个复杂的、多方面的人类思维过程,是完善法律机制和保护未成年人权利的必要条件。认识的方法和技巧取决于法律现象的特殊性和认识的领域。但是,我们研究中所考虑的儿童权利科学研究的科学途径、方法和原则,应该综合运用,避免使用各种工具所得到的结果相互矛盾和反驳。所有这些方法工具在研究的每个阶段和每个部分都证明了它们的价值。根据知识对象的不同,很明显,为了实现特定的研究任务,一定的方法论工具包占主导地位。在这项研究的基础上,提出了一些概括,包括:如果没有精心选择的方法,就不可能科学地认识儿童权利;儿童权利科学认知的方法论是一个复杂的现象,它包含了法学知识的结构和系统、理论和概念。儿童权利认知的方法论基础是一个多层次的体系,由科学知识原则、主流世界观、科学思维类型、哲学基础、科学范式、方法论途径和科学方法发展而来
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Methodological foundations of the cognition of children's rights
The purpose of the study is to study the techniques and methods of cognition of legal phenomena, to conduct a scientific analysis of the rights of the child as a legal phenomenon, to identify general patterns, and to formalize and generalize the rights of the child at the global and national levels. The methodological basis of the study was the use of a set of methods necessary for the realization of the scientific goal and the fulfillment of the tasks set, in particular: analysis of the rights of the child in international documents and legislation of Ukraine, the method of generalization, hermeneutics for the interpretation and processing of texts of normative and doctrinal sources, other philosophical, general scientific and special methods. The scientific novelty is that the author for the first time considers the rights of the child as a legal phenomenon that has specific features depending on the subject, types and age of the child. The author highlights the methodological foundations of cognition of children's rights at each stage of their development and suggests the use of a number of the above methods. The scientific tools for cognizing the rights of the child are structured. The study of children's rights is a complex and multifaceted process of human thinking which is necessary for improving legal mechanisms and protecting the rights of minors. The methods and techniques of cognition depend on the specifics of the legal phenomenon and the field of cognition. However, the scientific approaches, methods and principles of scientific research of children's rights considered in our study should be applied in a comprehensive manner, avoiding contradictions and refutation of the results obtained using various tools. All these methodological tools prove their value at every stage and in every segment of the study. Depending on the object of knowledge, it is obvious that a certain methodological toolkit prevails for the realization of a specific research task. Based on the study, a number of generalizations have been formulated, including the following: scientific cognition of children's rights is impossible without a well-chosen methodology; the methodology of scientific cognition of children's rights is a complex phenomenon which encompasses the structure and system of legal scientific knowledge, its theories and concepts. The methodological foundations of cognition of children's rights form a multi-level system that is developed by the principles of scientific knowledge, the dominant worldview, the type of scientific thinking, philosophical foundations, scientific paradigms, methodological approaches and scientific methods
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